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In pre-independence period, as in other parts of Ri Khasi-Jaintia, except Shillong town, the War Jaintia area also was under the shadow of prevailing general backwardness. No communication was available; people have to travel from the area to Jowai /Juplem (now in Bangladesh) for selling of their produces or purchasing theirs needs on foot. Even in the thirties of the nineteen century, there was hardly any primary school in the area. Electricity came to Shillong in 1923 but in Jaintia after the Independence. In those periods there were no medicine, the villagers have to depend on their traditional medicine (herbals) but some time when epidemic disease came and if their herbs do not work, the whole village would fled to the jungle and left the ailing person alone to his own fate.
But in the post Independence periods, development started. Jowai - Dawki Road was constructed in 1959-1960; and thereafter other Roads connecting different villages was initiated. On 12 Nov.,1976 Amlarem Civil Subdivision was created by the Govt. Now most villages have been connected by roads; and recently, the Jowai-Dawki Road was taken by the Govt. of India as National Highway(NH40E),this directly or indirectly contributed to the economic development of the area.
From educational front now we have 115 schools, 2 colleges and the literacy rate is above 60%.
From power sector point of view, most of villages have been electrified and recently, the Myntdu Leska Hydro Electric power project was initiated near Amlarem (the Civil Headquarter of War Jaintia), which according to the Govt. it will be completed in 2008; we have seen that the this project have raised the economy of the area directly or indirectly and after completion and commission of the project we hope it will be more.
From health point of view, now 1 CHC, 3 PHC, 1 Dispensary and 13 Sub Centers have been etablished..
The Area have 2 (two) post offices with Branches in villages; in the South at Dawki (Pin 793 109) and from Jowai (Pin 793 150, for Villages up to Amlarem)
Dawki (Tamabil) is one among few of Import & Export Centers in the State which is very busy in that business. This Center have created employment to many local poor villagers and as well as to-do individuals/persons in the area including the whole state participate in business as exporter/importer.
Therefore, we can say that to certain extent there were development in War Jaintia but with regard to occupation, since most of the villagers are Cultivators/farmers who planted Betel nut, betel-leave and orange orchards, in recent years it was seen that their livelihood have been badly effected due to attacked of the plant diseases( virus/fungi). The attack of the diseases on their betel nut plantations have become in epidemic form (for the whole/half of the area of plantation); re-plantation of betel nut takes at least 6-7 years time to get the nuts. Regarding betel leaf (pan), it observed it is short lived only for 3-4 years after it produced pan, as the disease attack the creeper plant (pan) after that period. War Oranges have been rate as the No.1,but now the the production is very less and the soil have become infertile and fresh cultivation area is limited.
The other that will retard the development is non-existence of industrial ventures (Govt./Private), vocational training centres (like ITI/any technical school), in the area ,hence unemployment problem will rise. |
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